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Sarbasheva S.B., Borlykova B.Kh., Dertynova E.B.-B. [Colour naming «black» and «white» in Turko-Mongolian epics (on the example of epics «Maadai-kara» and «Dzhangar»)] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2021, Vol. 12, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/47FLSK421.pdf (in Russian).

Colour naming «black» and «white» in Turko-Mongolian epics (on the example of epics «Maadai-kara» and «Dzhangar»)

Sarbasheva Surna Borisovna
Gorno-Altaisk State University, Gorno-Altaisk, Russia
E-mail: surnasarbasheva@mail.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=117076

Borlykova Boskha Khalgaevna
Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Elista, Russia
E-mail: borlboskha@mail.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=555470

Dertynova Elena Bater-Bekovna
Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Elista, Russia
E-mail: helenbd@yandex.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=908822

Abstract. This article studies some semantic features of black and white colours in the Altai epic «Maadai-kara» and the Kalmyk epic «Dzhangar.» The principle of color naming plays a very important role in folklore text, especially in the epic one. The relevance of this article is that the basic colors «black» and «white» are included in the archaic layer of vocabulary and these colours are an important component of the linguistic picture of the world of the particular folk. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the semantic features of color naming «black» and «white» in the Altai epic «Maadai-Kara» and the Kalmyk epic «Dzhangar». The material of the study is the published texts of the Altai epic «Maadai-Kara» (1973) and the Kalmyk epic «Dzhangar» (1978). The study of the semantics of lexical units remains one of the most important problems of semasiology. While working we used the following methods such as the continuous sampling method, the contextual analysis method, the descriptive method, and the comparative method. Black color in the Altai and Kalmyk epics is polysemantic. From the examples it can be seen that black colour conveys both a negative and a positive assessment of the depicted object (in the epic «Maadai-Kara» the appearance of Kara Taadi is similar to the appearance of a female monster, at the same time it can reflect the beauty of the epic hero: eyebrows — like black velvet, thick black beard; in the epic «Dzhangar» Khar Kines is the enemy of the country of Bumba, the opponent of Dzhangar Khan; Khar Sanl is Dzhangar’s epic hero Sanal who has dark complexion). In epics «Maadai-Cara» and «Dzhangar» white color being an antipode of black color has metaphorical value with positive assessment «clean», «light», «sacred» and «divine», can often be met as a part of personal names, toponyms, names of objects, things, etc. Common semantic features have been found in the color naming system of the Altai and Kalmyk epics.

Keywords: Altai epic «Maadai-Kara;» Kalmyk epic «Dzhangar;» vocabulary; color naming; black; white; semantics

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