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Tkachenko O.Yu., Shit'kova M.M. [Artistic definition as a verbal method of image creation in the texts of F.M. Dostoevsky] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2022, Vol. 13, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/42FLSK422.pdf (in Russian).

Artistic definition as a verbal method of image creation in the texts of F.M. Dostoevsky

Tkachenko Olga Yurievna
Maxim Gorky Institute of Literature and Creative Writing, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: non_ho_paura@mail.ru
RSCI: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=777492

Shit’kova Marina Myasumovna
Maxim Gorky Institute of Literature and Creative Writing, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: marino4ka17-12@mail.ru
RSCI: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=781958

Abstract. The article examines examples of semantic shift within the artistic definition, found in the speech of the characters of F.M. Dostoevsky at the moment of their definition of the concepts of the moral sphere. The artistic definition, considered by the authors of the article as a definition given in a fictional text, which imitates the dictionary definition by syntactic and logical model, but differs from it in content, is found especially often in the speech of Dostoevsky’s ideological characters in key episodes of the texts, which indicates the importance of the technique and determines the relevance of its research. It is noted that the examined fictional definitions of lexemes with moral-evaluative meaning contain elements, which either break the link between the signifier and the signified, fixed in the language and fixated by the dictionary definition, or change the angle of perception of one or other reality. On this basis, two types of definitions are distinguished — paradoxical and compensatory. On the example of the episodes from «Notes from Underground», «Crime and Punishment» and «The Brothers Karamazov» the functions of these two types of definitions in the fiction text are also examined, with special attention paid to the functional differences of artistic definitions of positive and negative moral-evaluation lexemes.

The methods of differentiated stylistic analysis, as well as comparative and contextual analysis were used in the work. The results of the research allowed us to conclude about the role of artistic definition in the texts of F. M. Dostoevsky as one of the verbal techniques of artistic image creation. The materials presented in the article and the results can be used both within the scope of F.M. Dostoevsky’s idiostyle research, and in the further study of the imaginative potential of the semantic shift in the fiction text.

Keywords: lexical meaning; moral and evaluative vocabulary; semantic shift; artistic definition; fiction text; stylistics; F.M. Dostoevsky

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