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Mutalov R.O. [Sociolinguistic situation in Current Dagestan] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2021, Vol. 12, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/17FLSK421.pdf (in Russian).

Sociolinguistic situation in Current Dagestan

Mutalov Racul Osmanovich
Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: mutalovr@mail.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=174530

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the contemporary linguistic situation in current Dagestan. This region is well-known for many languages spoken within a small area. The current sociolinguistic situation in the republic is in the fact that there is a rapid and irreversible process of global and constant communication of native speakers in Russian language. The disappearance of native languages is primarily associated with globalization reasons. The reasons that are specific only to Dagestan are also studied in the article. First of all, this is due to the regional multilingualism: the Russian language in this situation is spoken as the language of international communication. It is also specific to Dagestan people particularly, to native speakers of the Avar-Ando-Tsez and Dargin languages to speak three languages simultaneously: their own dialect or idiom, literary (Avar or Dargin) and Russian languages. Recently, there has been an intensive migration of mountain inhabitants from the upland to lowland villages and cities where population of several mixed nations coexist within one and the same area, and that fact is another reason of the national-Russian bilingualism caused by a vital necessity. Another important reason is that interethnic marriages have already become a common and familiar phenomenon, and the number of such marriages is increasing day by day. It is difficult and even impossible to establish a unified native language within such interethnic family. The prestigious language is spoken totally in all spheres of life and it also explains the fact that the status of native languages is decreasing in Dagestan society. The predictions of the further development of the language situation in Dagestan, and the methods which can promote preservation and saving minor languages are considered in the article.

Keywords: the Caucasian languages; the languages of Dagestan; language policy; multilingualism; bilingualism; sociolinguistics; minor languages

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