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Gartung S.R. [Situational and verbal representation of incompetence in Russian] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2020, Vol. 11, No. 3. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/05FLSK320.pdf (in Russian).

Situational and verbal representation of incompetence in Russian

Gartung Stella Rudolfovna
Irkutsk state university, Irkutsk, Russia
E-mail: gartung_sr@mail.ru

Abstract. The article regards the trait of competence and its opposite incompetence from point of view of linguistics. The investigation is provided as a part of dissertation paper. The conducted lexicographical analysis revealed the concept “incompetence” is a part of the larger concept “lack”. Moreover, the structure and content of concept’s nucleus and paranuclear area were defined as the words with the semantic not having or lacking of sufficient knowledge / experience / law / information / authority / reason. All the data was schematically compiled and evolved into the row of synonyms. on the basis of nuclear concepts, the synonymous. Categorization of the concept by E. Rosch method cleared its structure: a prototype and three levels of abstraction or categorization: superordinate, basic, and subordinate. The highest level is the concept of «incompetence» itself, as the most abstract concept; the basis more frequent in discourse level is represented by concepts that reflect the nucleus; the lowest level includes clarifying concepts, idioms and slang. The disclosure of the basic level concept through the concepts of the lower level was discovered with the help of corpus analysis. Thus, collocation in “incompetence + personality” type adjusted features (intelligence, social role, profession) is the most common. There is a tendency of intensifying negative meaning of the concept in speech not only by adverse adjectives and adverbs but also by synonymous and clarifying concepts. The obtained data about the structure of the concept gives us clear understanding of the phenomenon of incompetence itself and how its most frequent concept “incompetent person” is represented in discourse.

Keywords: incompetence; incompetent person; corpora; corpus analysis; categorization; concept; prototype; lexicographical analysis

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