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Bokhieva M.V., Zyryanova E.V., Omelchenko L.N., Khandarkhaeva I.Yu. [Duration category in the «description» type of text] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2020, Vol. 11, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/36FLSK420.pdf (in Russian).

Duration category in the «description» type of text

Bokhieva Marina Viktorovna
Banzarov Buryat state university, Ulan-Ude, Russia
E-mail: marina.bohieva@yandex.ru

Zyryanova Elena Vasilyevna
Banzarov Buryat state university, Ulan-Ude, Russia
E-mail: lenkor75@mail.ru

Omelchenko Lilia Nikolaevna
Banzarov Buryat state university, Ulan-Ude, Russia
E-mail: pokrovskaya41@mail.ru

Khandarkhaeva Irina Yuryevna
Banzarov Buryat state university, Ulan-Ude, Russia
E-mail: irina-68_68@mail.ru

Abstract. Theory of functional-semantic types of speech (description, narration, reasoning) O.A. Nechaeva defines the linguistic laws of the text organization, its linguistic structure and the nature of the relationship between sentences, but there are still many questions that have not received an exhaustive explanation. These include the specificity of the expression in speech of the semantic category of duration, which in texts such as «description» according to its logical-semantic structure of the simultaneity of the described features and the general meaning of «statics», should have a zero character, in contrast to the narrative, where successive events clearly illustrate the course of time, and hence a certain duration of events.

The research methods were the method of continuous sampling, the method of comparative analysis, the method of description, the statistical method.

The purpose of the work is to determine the semantic and grammatical means of expressing the duration in the description and the factors of artistic narrative that form it.

The work resulted in the following provisions: the sign of localization in time becomes decisive in the implementation of this property in the text. In a situational (localized in time) description, duration characterizes all the features of the description, and the figure of the observer plays the main role, since the volume of expression of duration in the text is subject to it, while the duration of all features in the description is the same. In the descriptive micro-theme itself, the means of expressing duration are the aspectual meanings of the verbal lexicon and special lexical means. In a non-situational (non-localized in time) description, the duration is of an informational nature and may be different for each feature.

Research has shown that lasting features in a situational description can reach a limit and change, and then a new descriptive micro-theme emerges. In addition, the duration of signs can be so long that consecutive events are possible against its background, in this case the category of duration becomes an important factor in the contamination of description and narration.

The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the study of the semantic category of duration ultimately sheds light not only on the linguistic essence of the nature of the descriptive type of speech, but also on complex cases of contamination of description and narration, which is significant for highlighting these types of text in the practice of teaching text theory as in higher and secondary school.

Keywords: semantic category of duration; text theory; functional semantic types of speech; description; narration; types of description; temporal localization; aspectual meanings of verbs; the figure of the observer; narrative

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