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Bolnitskaya A.N. [Causes of poverty of the population in the northern region] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 1. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/21SCSK124.pdf (in Russian).

Causes of poverty of the population in the northern region

Bolnitskaya Aitalina Nikolaevna
Arctic Research Centre of Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Yakutsk, Russia
E-mail: aitalina_575@mail.ru

Abstract. Reducing poverty is the most important indicator of achieving the national development goals of the Russian Federation. One of the main mechanisms for achieving this goal was targeted assistance to the most needy and poor groups of the population. In these conditions, the issues of identifying the poor, the structure, causes of poverty, assessing their numbers, which will make it possible to develop approaches to solving the problem of poverty and to modify the forms of assistance and criteria of need, become especially relevant. This article presents the results of a sociological study of poverty factors in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). To identify the causes and characteristics of poverty in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), a sociological study was conducted based on a questionnaire survey (N = 300) and the method of focused group interviews (N = 40) among poor groups in the city of Yakutsk and 5 municipal districts of the republic. The purpose of the study is to identify factors and conditions influencing the structure and depth of poverty of the population in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Subjective assessments of the level of poverty were identified, the need for certain forms of social support and attitudes that determine the prospects for exiting poverty were determined. The territorial factors of poverty, poverty as a result of economic inequality of the rural population in the labor market, deprivation of rural residents in the field of educational, social and medical services are considered. Within the framework of the study, significant attention is given to such factors as employment, family composition and size, level of education, and subjective assessments of poverty. The need of the poor for certain measures of social support, as well as the orientation of the respondents towards their own strengths or towards the assistance from outside, including the state, are considered. Based on the conducted study, the main factors of poverty in the region were systematized. Recommendations are proposed for improving policies in the field of smoothing out inequality and solving the problem of poverty, including in the area of improving the income system of the population, developing measures of social support for poor groups of the population, and revising the mechanisms of redistribution policy to smooth out the factors of territorial and economic inequality.

Keywords: poverty; poor; poverty factors; need; social support; social assistance; employment

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