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Listvina E.V., Zhumaev R.A [The history of the formation of ethnocultural identity as the basis of citizenship in Russia and Europe from Ancient Times to Modern Times] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/06KLSK424.pdf (in Russian).

The history of the formation of ethnocultural identity as the basis of citizenship in Russia and Europe from Ancient Times to Modern Times

Listvina Evgeniya Viktorovna
N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
E-mail: listvamer@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-6477
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=368548

Zhumaev Roman Anverovich
N.G. Chernyshevsky Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
E-mail: razhumaev@yandex.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=1084437

Abstract. The article analyses the history of the citizenship formation in Europe and Russia in the context of the ethnocultural identity formation. The history of the process of ethnocultural identity development in the Antiquity era, the Middle Ages and Modern Times is considered by comparing paired categories: polity and Greek identity, Roman statehood and imperial multiculturalism (ancient world), vassalage and ethnicity (Middle Ages), political and ethnic nation (Modern Times). The categories of the considered epochs correlate in the culture and this correlation is investigated both in societies of Western Europe and in Russia. In the conclusion it is assumed that the ethnocultural component has always played an important role in the formation of the sense of citizenship from ancient times to Modern times. The authors also conclude that over time there has been an increase in the importance of ethnocultural identity in the formation of citizenship. In the ancient era, the sense of loyalty to one’s civil community (the Greek polis or the great Roman state) probably prevailed over ethnic identity; in the Middle Ages, vassal relations of subordination (feudal lord, guild, suzerain) prevailed over loyalty to the ethnic community. In Modern times, due to the emergence of nation-states, the identification of an individual with a nation (both civil and ethnic) becomes the basis of civic identity. The authors emphasize that the ethno-cultural component of citizenship was one of the foundations of patriotism throughout the entire European history of the period under review.

Keywords: ethnocultural component; identity; citizenship; Russia; Europe; Antiquity; Middle Ages; Modern times

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