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Tychinskikh Z.A., Fayzullina G.C. [On the issue of the literacy level of the Turkic-Tatar population of Tobolsk province in the late XIX – early XX century] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/04SCSK424.pdf (in Russian).

On the issue of the literacy level of the Turkic-Tatar population of Tobolsk province in the late XIX – early XX century

Tychinskikh Zaytuna Aptrashitovna
Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russia, Tobolsk
E-mail: zaituna.09@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org//0000-0002-5378-8909
РИНЦ: https://www.elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=77833

Fayzullina Guzel Chakhvarovna
Tobolsk Complex Scientific Station of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russia, Tobolsk
E-mail: utgus@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2721-4063
РИНЦ: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=549304

Abstract. The article examines the literacy level of the Turkic-Tatar population of Tobolsk province in the late XIX – early XX century. Based on statistical data. Special attention is paid to the level of literacy in Russian. The authors use such methods as comparative historical, statistical, and retrospective. It is shown that the modernization processes taking place in the Russian Empire in the post-reform period had a significant impact on the expansion of the network of educational institutions in Siberia, as well as on the gradual inclusion of the Muslim population of the Tobolsk province in these processes. As a result, in the last third of the 19th century, missionary, Russian-foreign, foreign schools for non-Russian peoples were organized. At the same time, the Turkic-Tatar population of Tobolsk province in the period under review continues to maintain the traditional system of Muslim education. But reform processes took place within this system, as a result of which new-fangled (Jadid) madrasahs appeared. It was revealed that, although the literacy rate of the Tatar population was higher than that of other peoples of Western Siberia, most of the literate Tatars, namely 93.3%, were literate in the Tatar language. It is shown that attempts are being made by the Government to include Muslim schools in the general jurisdiction of the Ministry of Public Education. But despite weak successes in subordinating the centuries-old system of Muslim education, the government is looking for ways to control it. It is revealed that part of the Tatar community in the post-reform period begins to understand the need to study the Russian language for inclusion in the all-Russian reality. Based on the material of individual settlements of the Tobolsk district of the Tobolsk province, a specific situation with the state of education of the Turkic-Tatar population of Siberia is considered.

Keywords: Russian province; Tatars; literacy; modernization processes; Russian-Tatar schools; Muslim education; Russian language

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