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Nagaeva K.E. [Comparative and diachronic analysis of the semantics of the words solidarité and solidarnost’] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2024, Vol. 15, No. 4. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/01FLSK424.pdf (in Russian).

Comparative and diachronic analysis of the semantics of the words solidarité and solidarnost’

Nagaeva Ksenia Eduardovna
Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia
E-mail: zlobovsky@mail.ru
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=391654

Abstract. The concept of solidarity is relevant for the study of modern French and Russian linguistic culture. The study is carried out in the context of intercultural communication. It deals with linguacultural and semantic-diachronic approach, and is based on explanatory and specialized (legal) dictionaries. Materials from the National Corpus of the Russian Language are also used. The author employs historical-semantic analysis, etymological methods, and linguacultural commentary. Semantic analysis of the words solidarité and solidarnost’ determine the difference in the meaning of these words at the current stage of their semantic development. The etymological method and diachronic approach make it possible to establish the semantic evolution of the words solidarité (starting from the 17^th century) and solidarnost’ (starting from the 19th century). The linguacultural commentary helps to compare the semantic evolution of words and those of the corresponding sociological and political concepts (19^th–21^st centuries). Based on the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian Language and the Frequency Dictionary of French, as well as data from Russian and French explanatory dictionaries, the author draws a conclusion about the degree of frequency of the these words in the respective linguacultures. The article notes that the modern French original word has more meanings than its Russian analogue. The study emphasises that the French word has a greater representation of the semes denoting obligation, both moral and material. The author concludes that the semantic evolution of the words, as well as the frequency of their use, is explained by the influence of extra-linguistic, namely political and social, factors on the semantics of the words solidarité and solidarnost’.

Keywords: linguaculture; meaning; seme; linguacultural commentary; frequency of use; source word; analogue

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