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DOI: 10.15862/20FLSK325 (https://doi.org/10.15862/20FLSK325)

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[Chukchi loanwords in the Eskimo language: sources, mechanisms and consequences] World of Science. Series: Sociology, Philology, Cultural Studies, 2025, Vol. 16, No. 3. Available at: https://sfk-mn.ru/PDF/20FLSK325.pdf (in Russian). DOI: 10.15862/20FLSK325

Chukchi loanwords in the Eskimo language: sources, mechanisms and consequences

Golovatskaya Taisya Pavlovna
A.I. Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
E-mail: goltaya@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8183-1671
RSCI: https://elibrary.ru/author_profile.asp?id=626205

Abstract. The article contains an analysis of Chukchi loanwords in the language of the Asian Eskimos. The phenomenon of interference, understood as the process of mutual influence of languages in the context of contact, is of particular interest in the study of Paleoasiatic languages. These languages, united by geographical rather than genetic principles, have developed under conditions of intensive interlanguage interaction for many centuries. This group includes the Chukchi-Kamchatkan languages (Chukchi, Koryak, Kerek, and Itelmen), the Eskimo-Aleut languages (Eskimo, Aleut), the Nivkh language, the Yukaghir languages, and the Ainu language in its historical range.

In the process of language contacts, various types of interference are observed, which can be classified into the following areas: phonetic interference, which manifests itself in the adaptation of the sound systems of the contacting languages; lexical interference is the most noticeable consequence of language contacts; grammatical interference.

The paper examines the lexical interference of Chukchi-Eskimo language contacts, as well as sources and a multiple chronology of borrowings, lists some thematic groups, describes the features of phonetic and morphological adaptation, reflects the methodological problems of the study and presents the prospects for further research.

The study of lexical borrowings in the Eskimo and Chukchi languages is of considerable interest both for theoretical linguistics and for area studies. The analysis of various types of linguistic influence makes it possible to reconstruct the history of interethnic contacts on the territory of the Chukchi Peninsula and identify universal mechanisms of linguistic interaction. A promising area of research is the comprehensive study of interference processes, taking into account both linguistic and socio-cultural factors.

Keywords: language contacts; interference; lexical borrowings; Paleo-Asiatic languages; Chukchi language; and Eskimo language

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